Baseband modulation techniques encode information directly as the amplitude, width, or position of a pulse. They do not utilize a sinusoidal carrier. Some of these modulation schemes are known by the ...

Noesis Technologies Soft Output Demapper is a structural element of any modern telecom system. The receiver extracts the phase and magnitude of the carrier signal. Subsequently a decision must ...

In practice, a GPS receiver must first replicate the PRN code that is transmitted by the SV being acquired by the receiver; then it must shift the phase of the replica code until it correlates with ...