Surgical techniques. There are two approaches to laparoscopic discectomy: transperitoneal and retroperitoneal. A. Transperitoneal laparoscopy. The patient is placed in the supine position under ...

Standard microdiscectomy Leg pain exceeding back ... Current and Future Approaches to Lumbar Disc Surgery (A Literature Review). MedGenMed 1(1), 1999 [formerly published in Medscape Orthopaedics ...

In the low-cost scenario, the cost of PTED and open microdiscectomy were equal, that is, €4095/patient. Fourth, productivity losses were measured according to the human capital approach. Fifth, the ...