where ? is a factor of anisotropy and it is usually taken as 1 for active case and 2 for passive case, is the normalised undrained strength and it varies between 0.2 and 0.33 for normally consolidated ...

As the name implies, the undrained shear strength s u refers to a shear condition where water does not enter or leave the cohesive soil during the shearing process. In essence, the water content of ...