Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles found in most eukaryotic cells. They are formed from an outer membrane, a highly invaginated inner membrane containing cristae, and a matrix. Mitochondria ...

心脑血管疾病是全球范围内导致死亡的主要原因之一，共占全球死亡人数的21.6%（每年34万人）[1]。在西方社会，动脉粥样硬化和相关心血管疾病仍然是最常见的死亡和发病原因，超过10%的心血管死亡被认为是由吸烟引起的[2]。许多流行病学研究已经对吸烟与动 ...

Chronic exposure to hyperglycemia can lead to cellular dysfunction that may become irreversible over time, a process that is termed glucose toxicity. Our perspective about glucose toxicity as it ...

Enzymes catalyze nearly all of the chemical reactions that occur in biological systems. Enzymes are generally proteins but also include catalytic DNA and catalytic RNA. As effective biological ...

The proposed mechanisms of action of some of the nutraceutical supplements on the mammalian cholesterol pathway are shown in Figure 2. Virtually all studies have shown very high safety profiles ...