Cardiac output can be calculated using the following equation: Stroke volume close stroke volumeThe volume of blood pumped from the heart with each beat. is the volume of blood pumped out of each ...

If you clench your hand into a fist, this is approximately the same size as your heart. It is located in the middle of the chest and slightly towards the left. The heart is a large muscular pump ...

The heart's neural network, which is embedded in the superficial layers of the heart wall, has been considered a simple structure that relays the signals from the brain.

For a long time, the heart was thought to operate under the sole control of the autonomic nervous system, which relays ...

New research from Karolinska Institutet and Columbia University shows that the heart has a mini-brain - its own nervous system that controls the heartbeat. A better understanding of this system ...