2011 [40] India Community 9–16 Follow-up: 6/12 mo. Acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel 2. Meyer-Lueckel H et al. 2010 [56] Germany Community 6–9 Retrospective period: 2–4 yrs.

More than 200 million people in the United States live in areas where fluoride is added to tap water. According to the most recent data from 2012, 24 other countries around the world — including ...

Fluoride is much smaller than hydroxide, so these particles fit better in the gaps between the phosphate ions. This creates a stronger and more compact crystal structure, called fluorapatite.

Dentists can also prescribe toothpaste with a higher amount of fluoride or apply a fluoride varnish or gel. People with gum disease or a dry mouth caused by health conditions or medications might ...

This disease is actually fluorosis, which happens when developing teeth are exposed to excessive fluoride. The water they were drinking had extremely high natural levels of fluoride. However ...

Oliver A.H. Jones receives funding from the Australian Research Council (ARC), various water utilities and the Environment Protection Agency (EPA) Victoria for research into environmental pollution.

The issue has to do with fluoride, a chemical naturally abundant in drinking water in Colorado Springs a century ago. The realization that fluoride could make teeth resistant to decay led to ...

That includes one aspect he’s been very vocal about lately: fluoride in public drinking water. Kennedy wrote on X in early November that the Trump administration will recommend that U.S. water ...